openHAB

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# Item & Things

return to Blockly Reference

# Introduction

Items and Things are the major entities of openHAB (opens new window) to control and monitor the home. These can be accessed via the "Items & Things" section of the Blockly Toolbox.

# Overview of the Items and Things category

items-and-things

# Item and Thing Blocks

Most of the time you will want to get and set the state of an item - set a switch to ON, or get a temperature. Sometimes you may want to access the thing directly. Both are possible using the item-block and thing-block

blockly-item-thing

However, these blocks are not useful by themselves - they are always used together with another block. The example below uses the get state of item block to retrieve the MainSwitch item state, before checking if that is equal to ON within a standard comparison block

blockly-item-example

# Items

See a video introduction at youtube Working with Items (opens new window)

# Item

blockly-item

Function: Retrieves a specific Item or Group for use in other item related functions.

TIP

never use this block alone as it only returns the items name which alone does not make sense. Instead use the get-Item-Block below.

  • Clicking 'MyItem' displays a list of Items to pick from
  • Technically this block returns the name of the item as a String.
  • As a result, this block can be used wherever the item name is required as a String.
  • Learn more about items here (opens new window)

# Get Item

getItem

Function: Gets an Item for use in other item related functions

  • Clicking 'MyItem' displays a list of Items to pick from.
  • Technically this block returns an item object, to be used to retrieve specific attributes using other blocks (see below).
  • As this block does not return a String it cannot be directly attached to a log-block, as demonstrated below.
    • Tip: Often you do want to retrieve the state, hence use the "Get State of Item"-block below
    • The block returns the item itself. If you want to log the items information you can assign it to a variable first and the log the variable.

logging-getItem

blockly-getItemStateDoesntFit

# Get State of Item

blockly-getStateOfItem

Function: Get the current state of an Item or Group

Note that most of the states can and will be directly converted automatically to a String but be careful that some of the more complex states may instead return a complex object instead.

TIP

it is recommended in this case to assign this to a variable and use the "String-Append-Text" with an empty "" to convert it into a String for further processing.

See the Item-State documentation (opens new window) for more information

Note: currently a String is not always returned. See this thread (opens new window) for reference and potential workaround.

# Get Members of Group

blockly-getMembers

Function: Gets the members of a group

  • returns a collection of items which should be used with a for-each-block to loop over the items
  • it can be attached to a log-block which would list all items in that block in the form a string representation as follows
GF_IndirectLights (Type=GroupItem, BaseType=SwitchItem, Members=9, State=OFF, Label=Indirekten Lichter, Category=light, Tags=[Lightbulb], Groups=[Lights]),LichterOG (Type=GroupItem, BaseType=SwitchItem, Members=4, State=ON, Label=Lichter OG, Category=light, Groups=[Lights]),LichterEG (Type=GroupItem, BaseType=SwitchItem, Members=5, State=ON, Label=Lichter EG, Category=light, Groups=[Lights])
  • Alternatively you can use the item block var the loop variable to send a command to the items of the group

The following example depicts the above possibilities:

blockly-getMembersExample

# Get Items with Tag

blockly-getMembers

Function: Gets all items with the given tags which you can iterate over via a loop

  • returns a collection of items which have the given tags
  • multiple tags can be provided which then need to be separared with a comma
  • if multiple tags are given, the item must have all of the tags ("and"-condition)

TIP

If you need an item that has one of multiple tags, then you need to use one block of each and then use the "concatenate list block" (opens new window) to combine the results.

# Get particular attributes of an item

blockly-getItemAttributes

Function: Get either the current name, label, state, category, tags, groups, or type of an item as a String

These attributes are returned with the following types:

  • name: String
  • label: String
  • state: State
  • category: String
  • tag: Array, e.g.
[plannedTimes]
  • groups: Array, e.g.
[plannedTimes, timers]
  • type: String

Depending on your openHAB version (pre-3.3) this block may not connect as expected. As a workaround attach the block to a variable first, and use the variable in the rest of the script.

blockly-getItemAttributes-fix

Special handling for Arrays

The attributes groups and tags return an Array of entries. Therefore

  • they cannot be connected to a block that expects a String (e.g. log-block)
  • they must be handled using a for-loop as follows

blockly-specialArrayHandling

# Send Command

blockly-sendCommand

Function: Sends a command or posts an update to an Item or Group.

  • value: any state value that is allowed for that item, eg. ON or OFF for a switch.
  • Clicking 'MyItem' displays a list of Items to pick one item from

For the difference between send command and post update see "Manipulating States" (opens new window) and "Event Bus Actions" (opens new window).

More about that topic can be viewed at youtube Sending Commands (opens new window)

Item-block examples

Example 1:

  • Check if MainSwitch is ON.
  • If ON, send ON command to livingroomLight item.

blockly-sendCommandExample1

Example 2:

  • Get the state of MainSwitch and
  • Immediately send it as a command to F2_Office_Main_Light

blockly-sendCommandExample2) Ensure that the receiving item can handle the state of the 'sending' item.

# Things

# Thing

blockly-thing

Function: Retrieves a specific Thing for use in other thing related functions.

Example

blockly-thingExample

will write the following into the log

thing name = nanoleaf:controller:645E3A484A83

# Get Thing Status

blockly-getThingStatus Function: Gets a Thing Status for use in other Thing related functions

  • Clicking 'MyThing' displays a list of Things to pick from.
  • Technically this block returns a ThingStatus (opens new window) - a String with one of the following statuses
    • UNINITIALIZED
    • INITIALIZING
    • UNKNOWN
    • ONLINE
    • OFFLINE
    • REMOVING
    • REMOVED

# Return to Blockly Reference

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